Vitiligo: Causes, Myths and Treatment Options

Vitiligo is a condition in which the skin loses its pigment in patches, creating lighter or white areas. It affects people of all skin tones and, beyond the physical signs, can have a real emotional impact — which is why accurate information and early treatment matter.

What Causes Vitiligo?

Vitiligo occurs when melanocytes — the cells that produce skin pigment (melanin) — are destroyed or stop working. It is most commonly an autoimmune process, where the body's immune system mistakenly targets these cells. Genetics, and sometimes triggers like stress or skin injury, can play a role.

Common Myths — and the Facts

• Myth: Vitiligo is contagious. Fact: It absolutely is not — it cannot spread from person to person.
• Myth: It is caused by eating certain food combinations. Fact: There is no scientific evidence for this; it is an immune-related condition.
• Myth: Nothing can be done. Fact: Several treatments can stabilise vitiligo and encourage re-pigmentation, especially when started early.

Treatment Options

• Topical immunomodulators and creams to stabilise and repigment patches.
• Phototherapy (narrowband UVB) to stimulate pigment cells.
• Targeted excimer light for small, localised patches.
• Surgical options like melanocyte transfer for stable vitiligo.
• Sun protection to prevent contrast and protect depigmented skin.

The earlier vitiligo is treated, the better the chance of re-pigmentation, particularly on the face and neck.

Frequently Asked Questions